UKULULA YINKQUBO YEKARTING

Ukuze i-karting iphinde yande kwakhona, kufuneka sibuyele kwimiba ethile yantlandlolo, njengokulula.Evela kwindawo yenjini yokujonga ebonisa i-injini ehlala ilungile epholileyo yomoya

nguM. Voltini

Ayenzeki nje into yokuba injini yekart epholileyo imelwe kuqweqwe lwencwadi esisiseko yeestroker ezi-2, ezinje nge “High Performance Two-stroke Engines” nguMassimo Clarke.

Kule kholamu yenqaku, besihlala sikrwelela indlela enye ye "conditio sine qua non" yokubuyela kulwandiso olwaneleyo lwe-karting esisiseko, elolona hlobo ludumileyo, ingca, kukuthatha ezinye zeengqikelelo zantlandlolo zolu hlobo. isithuthi.Ukuqala kubulula: inkalo ekuphela kwayo etsala abanye abaninzi kunye nayo, zonke zilungile.Ukuqala, i-kart elula ikwakhaphukhaphu kwaye ke inokusebenza okukhulu;okanye ivumela nabona baqhubi banzima ukuba babaleke ngokukhuphisanayo, kunye nobunzima obufanayo bolawulo.Omnye umba odla ngokungaqwalaselwa njengoko kufanelekile kukuba i-kart ekhaphukhaphu ichaphazela amatayara kancinci, iwacinezele kancinci, ukuze agcine ukusebenza kwawo ixesha elide kwaye ahlale ixesha elide kunye nezinye iimpawu ezifanayo, kunye neenzuzo ezinxulumene nezoqoqosho.Ezi zamva, ngaphezu koko, zonyuswa ngokulula okwakhayo kwinyani elula yokuba into engekhoyo… ayibizi ndleko!Okokugqibela, kukho into ekude kwisekondari yokuba i-kart elula kulula ukuyilawula kwaye ngenxa yoko inokuzisa abantu abaninzi abathanda ukubukela, kwaye ingengabo nje abafundi bobunjineli okanye abo banokufikelela kwi-mechanic ekhethekileyo.

IINJNINI ZEKART YOMOYA-COOLED ZINIKEZA USEBENZISE OKULULULEKO, NGELIXA INKQUBO EZINGXEKO ZOKUPHOLISA AMANZI ZIBHINWE KAKHULU KWAYE NGAPHEZU koko, MNA AYIFANANI.

UBUHLE BOMOYA

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, siye sahlalutya indlela ezona ndidi ziphumeleleyo neziphunyeziweyo zezo zibonelela ngeenjini ekulula ukuzisebenzisa kwaye kulula ukuzilawula, hayi ezo zinamandla kakhulu.Ezi zamva zilungile kumacandelo aphezulu, i-Cik/Fia Championship.Kufanelekile ukubonisa, enyanisweni, ukuba xa "i-world-championship-level-level" iinjini zicetywayo, azizange zehle "ezantsi": oku kwenzekayo ngokomzekelo ngee-KF kunye nee-OKs.Ngelixa xa ii-injini ezilungele umzimba omkhulu wabaqhubi be-kart zabekwa, ezifana ne-125 ezineebhokisi zegiya ezisisigxina, ezithotyiweyo kunye ne-carburetor eqhelekileyo, ezi zazixhaphake kangangokuba ziye zaba nefuthe kwi-KZ World Championship.Ngenxa yoko ukuba ii-injini kufuneka zibe neempawu zokulula, ngalo mzuzu siza kugxila kuphawu olusisiseko salo mba: ukupholisa umoya.Omnye umntu uya kuphakamisa iimpumlo zakhe, kodwa ngokoluvo lwethu, kwimeko ethile ye-karting, ukupholisa komoya kusenesizathu esingaphezulu kunesisemthethweni sobukho, ukuqala ngokuchanekileyo kubulula obuqhelekileyo obuqinisekisayo.Ngaphaya koko, ukuba kuyinyani ukuba kwithiyori ukupholisa ulwelo kuqinisekisa iimeko ezingcono zokusebenza ze-injini kwaye iteknoloji ngakumbi, enyanisweni asazi ukuba le ngqiqo isebenza kangakanani kwiinjini zekart.Nabani na ongaziboniyo angakwazi ukubona indlela kwiinjini zekart (ngaphandle kweRotax Max) ulungiselelo lwenkqubo yokupholisa amanzi lubotshwe ngokupheleleyo: iiradiyetha ezinkulu xa kuthelekiswa nokufuduswa (isalathiso, ngoko ke, siphantsi kakhulu. ukusebenza kakuhle), iisekethe ze-hydraulic ezinamaqhekeza ezi-7 zombhobho (kunye ne-14 clamps eziza kuqiniswa ...), isidingo sokulungelelanisa ikhethini kwi-radiator ngesandla, njalo njalo.Inyaniso yokuba kwikarting kuphela akukwazekanga ukwenza iinkqubo zokupholisa ulwelo ezikwaziyo ukuzilawula ngokwenyani kwiqondo lobushushu kwaye ezinemibhobho emibini kuphela (omnye oya phambili kunye nokubuyisela omnye) phakathi kwe-injini kunye neradiyetha, kufuneka isenze sicinge (kubi. ).

I-TEKNOLOJI EYIMALI

Abanye bangasenza sikholelwe ukuba ukusebenzisa ukupholisa umoya kwi-injini yekart yinto ethoba imbeko yobugcisa, kodwa asivumi.Ngaphandle kwento yokuba, nanamhlanje iindidi ezininzi zeekart zisasebenzisa olu hlobo lwe-injini, kufuneka kube nesizathu, kwaye sinomzekelo obalulekileyo: incwadi ethi "Iinjini zokubetha ezimbini eziphezulu" ebhalwe nguMassimo Clarke.Kule "bhayibhile" encinci kubalandeli besifundo, enyanisweni, iinjini ze-kart ezipholileyo zomoya zimelwe njengeyona nto iphezulu yokuguquka kolu hlobo.Kangangokuba enye yezi njini ide ibekwe kwisigqubuthelo: kunjalo, kulo mzekelo, ubukho bevalve yediski ejikelezayo ebekwe ngaphambili ibalwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, kodwa kubonakala ngathi kucacile kuthi, ubukho bokupholisa. amaphiko engakhange abonise i-negative.Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, nabani na othe wajinga kwibala leenjini kangangexesha elithile wazi kakuhle ukuba kuphela xa amaqondo obushushu angaphandle okanye omoya ephakame ngokwenene apho kunokubakho imida ethile ekupholiseni komoya, ukuya ekupheleni kogqatso.Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto ingasonjululwanga okanye ecimayo: khumbula nje umkhuba wakudala wokuvala i-inlet ngesandla sakho rhoqo emva koko ukonyusa i-fuel kwi-injini, kunye nesiphumo sokupholisa kunye ne-lubricant.Kwaye umbhali ngokwakhe uyazi kakuhle, ukuba eItali wazifumana eqhuba isibini amaxesha ngeentsuku kunye namaqondo obushushu ngaphezu 40 ° C. Kwakhona, ndivumele, ukuba bafuna ukusenza sikholelwe ukuba ukupholisa umoya kunika iingxaki, oko kuthetha ngokwenene ukuba bavala ngabom amehlo abo kwezinye iingxaki ezininzi ezithi endaweni yoko zinikwe ziinjini ezipholiswa ngamanzi, eziquka amabhanti, ukuvuza kwamanzi, amaqondo obushushu anyukayo xa ungahoyanga izixhobo ezikwivili lokuqhuba, njalo njalo.Singasathethi ke ngeendleko.

Uninzi lwezona ndidi zidumileyo, ezifana ne-Easykart (kodwa ayisiyiyo yodwa), isamkela iinjini ezipholiswe ngumoya.Ngasekunene, umzekelo woluhlu lweenjini eziveliswe yi-PRD, ekwabonelela ngeemodeli ezilula kakhulu kunye nezoqoqosho ezipholileyo zomoya, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-clutch kunye nokuqalisa kombane.

UKULULA NGOKUBANZI

Emva kokubeka iziseko ukuze kuqondwe ukuba i-injini epholileyo yomoya isafaneleka kwiikarti, makhe sibone ukuba yintoni imeko yokwenyani.Ngaphandle kokuqwalasela iinjini zeMinikart kodwa kuphela "zabantu abadala", sinokubona ngokulula ukuba kusekho iindidi ezithatha iinjini ezipholileyo zomoya ngempumelelo kwaye ngaphandle kweengxaki ezithile ezinxulumene nokupholisa: enye ngaphezu kwazo zonke (kodwa ingeyiyo yodwa) yi Easykart.Ngaphandle kokulibala ukuba kukho iimeko zasekhaya ezibona iindidi ezibalulekileyo eziqhutywa ziinjini zolu hlobo, njenge-TKM e-UK okanye iRaket eScandinavia.Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, abenzi beenjini ezinkulu zaseYurophu basenazo iinguqulelo ze-injini epholileyo emoyeni kwikhathalogu yabo enokuthi yamkelwe ngothotho oluthile kwihlabathi liphela, oluthi ngenxa yeempawu zabo zoqoqosho lube nempumelelo ethile, nangona ilinganiselwe kwiindawo ezithile.Ngokwale mbono, eyona ngxaki kukuba ugunyaziwe wezemidlalo wamazwe ngamazwe awuboni kwangaphambili iindidi “ezithotyiweyo” ngolu hlobo lwenjini.Yiyiphi, ukuba azinangqiqo zingasayi kuveliswa kwakhona, akunjalo?Endaweni yoko… Umzekelo esingathanda ukuwuqaqambisa ngumenzi we-PRD wase-Australia, ekuveliseni i-injini yayo enoluhlu olubanzi lwe-100 kunye ne-125 yespeeds esisodwa, zombini ulwelo- kunye nomoya-upholiseke.Uluhlu olunokuguqulwa ngeendlela ezininzi, kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwakha: izibuko lepiston okanye ivalve yengcongolo, idrayivu ethe ngqo okanye ngeclutch ephakathi, ukuqala kombane okanye hayi… zininzi izinto onokukhetha kuzo.Yintoni esingathanda ukuyigqamisa, nangona kunjalo, kukuba amaxabiso kumthengisi wase-Austrian abangela iintloni ngokwenene (kwabanye): avela ngaphantsi kwe-euro eyi-1,000 (i-carburetor kunye ne-muffler ifakiwe) kwi-injini elula, i-100/125 piston port kunye idrayivu ngqo ukusuka kwi-17/21 hp, ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2,000 ye-euro ye-air-cooled reed-valve eyahlukileyo kunye nesiqalo sombane kunye ne-centrifugal clutch, malunga ne-23 hp.Ii-HPs ngaphezu koko zanele olo didi apho sihlala sithetha ukuba kuqoqosho kunye nokusebenza (kunye nokuzonwabisa) kufuneka kubekwe phakathi kwerenti / ukunyamezela kunye nomdyarho wangoku.

ABANINZI ABAVELISI BEENJINJI BASENEZO, KWIKHATALOGU YABO, IIUNITHI ZOPHOLISIWE NGUMOYA EZIXHOBISA IINDIDI EZAHLUKENEYO KWIHLABATHI.

YIYIPHI EYINGAKUMBI ENOKUKWENZA

Ngokufutshane, ngokoluvo lwethu, ngokwenene kukho indawo yodidi lwekart enye okanye ngaphezulu ezamkelwa yiCik/Fia ezineenjini ezipholileyo zomoya kwaye zisekwe ukukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwalo mdlalo kwihlabathi liphela.Singathanda kwakhona ukongeza ukuba ukucinga kwakhona i-karting ngale ndlela kunokuvula okanye ukukhulula iingqondo ezithile kwaye kukhokelele kwiinzuzo ezingaphezulu ukusuka kwimbono yobugcisa.Ngokomzekelo, sinokucinga nge-injini eneempiko “ezigqunyiweyo,” ezinabahambisi becala (kodwa nasentloko) ethi ngokusasaza umoya iphucule ukupholisa nokunciphisa ingxolo.Ukuba ke sicinga ukuba i-injini yokuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo ilula kodwa i-anachronistic (emva kwayo yonke loo nto, nathi sikholelwa ukuba umqalisi we-"100-style" awusenelanga, kwiwaka leminyaka lesithathu) sisamema amagunya ukuba akhethe. ubuchopho babo kwaye bafumane enye inkqubo yokuqalisa umbane (ihlala intsonkothe ​​kakhulu kwaye iyingxaki) ekubeni i-push-type ayibonisi ingxaki nge-KZ.Ukongeza kwii-decompressors ezifana nezo zisetyenziswe ku-OK, ezingasebenzi kwimfezeko kodwa ngenxa yokuba zilinganiswe kakubi, izisombululo ezintsha ze-clutch ze-centrifugal zinokuphononongwa ezenza ukuba iikarts zibe lula ukulawula kunye nesimanje ngaxeshanye.Yintoni ethi qatha engqondweni, umzekelo, yi-clutch esavumela ukutyhala-ukuqalisa.Akunakwenzeka: yayikhona, umzekelo, kwi-Honda Super Cubs (eyona nto ithengisa kakhulu isithuthi esinamavili amabini nanini) sibulela kwindibaniselwano yendlela enye eyavumela ukutyhala- ukuqala kwimeko yeengxaki nangona kukho i-clutch ezenzekelayo.Okanye unokuguqula i-classic singlespeed centrifugal clutch ukuze iqhutywe ngesandla xa kufuneka, oko kukuthi ukuqala, xa kwenzeka i-spin okanye nje ukuhamba ngokulula kwi-paddock.Amathuba akhona: konke okufunekayo kukucinga ngako.Kwaye mhlawumbi kungangcono ukuba umntu ayenze ngoku ngaphambi kokuba amaTshayina acinge ngayo ... okanye hayi?Oku kukwangumba ekufuneka sicamngce ngawo.

ikarati eqhelekileyo ukusuka ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-90: ubulula obakhayo buyabonakala.Ngezantsi, i-Raket 120ES, ezisa ifilosofi yeMinikart kwi-120cc (kunye ne-14hp) inika ulonwabo lwezoqoqosho kwaye ityhala udidi oluxatyisiweyo eFinland.

UKWAMKELELA “IMEKO YOBUGCISA” IINJNINI EZIPHOLISIWE NGUMOYA KWAKHONZA EKUPHINDE UCINGE UPHINDE UCINGA I-KARTING, IPHUMELE KUBUNTU ONGAPHEZULU KWEMINYE imiba emininzi.

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