Enye yeengozi eziye zaphawula kakhulu i-karting kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo yile ka-Andrea Margutti.Ababaninzi abaziyo ukuba yayiyingozi embi eyamsusa kuthi kwakamsinyane, ingozi eyaba yintlekele njengoko iyinto yakudala yekarting.
Enye yezo ngozi, njengoko bekutshiwo amatyeli amaninzi kumlilo omkhulu kaRomain Grosjean eBahrain ekupheleni kuka-2020, ngeyaba neziphumo ezahlukileyo kakhulu ukuba bekunokwenzeka namhlanje.U-Andrea omncinci kakhulu-isithembiso se-Italian karting evela kwisizukulwana sikaTrulli kunye noFisichella - wabulawa ngokungqubuzana nesihlalo, okwabangela ukugqabhuka kwe-aorta kunye nesiphumo, ukopha okufayo kwangaphakathi.
Ukususela kumabali abuhlungu aloo mini, kubonakala ukuba u-Andrea wayengagqoki umkhuseli wembambo, isixhobo sokukhusela esasingakabikho kwi-1989 kwaye abaninzi abazange bagqoke.Kwiminyaka elandelayo, umkhuseli wembambo waqala ukuba yinxalenye yekiti esisiseko yokhuseleko lomqhubi njengoko, nalapho bekungekho ngozi zinzima, yabonakala iyinkqubo egqwesileyo.
ukuthintela ezonzakala zincinci kwicala elihlala zenza i-karting ibe buhlungu, nokuba kukuzonwabisa okanye kukhuphiswano.Kangangeminyaka, nangona kunjalo, abaninzi baye baqhubeka bekhetha isihlalo esimile kakuhle nesilungiselelweyo kwesi sincedisi, becinga ukuba asifanelekanga.Kwaye ukuba ngokwenene kuyenzeka ukuba uthethe nomenzi wesihlalo, kuya kubonakala ngathi kukho abo bathi uthintelo lokwenyani lokwenzakala kwiimbambo luphunyezwa ngokuyintloko ngokhetho olulungileyo lwesihlalo: oku xa kufikwa kumothuko.ukusuka 'kokunxitywa' kunye noxinzelelo lweimbambo, kunokuba unxulumene neengozi zokwenyani.Ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zokukhusela okwangoku, njengoko kwenzekayo umzekelo kwimeko yee-helmets kunye nee-ovaroli, kwaqhubeka, de "i-rib protector" yatshintshwa ibe sisixhobo esikhusela umqhubi kwi-traumas encinci ngenxa yokuqhuba kodwa kunye nemiphumo enokubakho eyingozi. ye, yithi, impembelelo engaphambili.Ngokucuthwa kweeklasi ezincinci kunye nabaqhubi abancinci nabancinci abaqhuba izithuthi ezikhawulezayo, enyanisweni, sele siqalisile ukujongana neengozi kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo kakhulu.
Kwinxalenye enikezelwe kwinkcazo yamacandelo e-FIA Fiche kunokwenzeka ukuqonda ukuba ayisiyo 'umkhuseli wembambo' elula, kodwa 'ngumkhuseli womzimba' ekujoliswe kuyo ukukhusela indawo yamalungu abalulekileyo. .Isicatshulwa kuxwebhu olusemthethweni "i-NORM FIA 8870-2018 FIA STANDARD 8870- 2018"
“UKUKHUSELELWA KOMZIMBA 3.1 ISIXHOBO ESINXITSHWA NGUMQHUBI UKUNCIPHISA UBUNIKAZI BOKWENZAKALA ESIFUBENI NGEXESHA LENGOZI.”
Ukwenza nje umzekelo, cinga ngekart ephuma endleleni ize ingqubane ngqo ngokuchasene nomqobo othile, kunokuba ibe nenye ikarati: amandla empembelelo umqhubi omdala nomntwana anokuba nawo kwivili lokuqhuba kakhulu. ezahlukeneyo.Kwimeko yabantwana, abangayi kuba nokuchasana okukhulu ekuchaseni ekulungiseleleni impembelelo, kuya kubaluleka ukukhusela ngokufihlakeleyo loo nxalenye yesifuba (i-sternum) eya kubetha isondo lokuqhuba.
Xa iFIA yaqala ukusebenza ekuhlanganiseni 'umkhuseli wembambo' oneempawu ezisebenzayo jikelele, yaqala kwingcinga yokuba ayisenakuba sisikhuseli sembambo esilula, kodwa ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi ukhuseleko lwesifuba kunye neembambo.Esi sixhobo esitsha sokukhusela senzelwe ukukhusela iintlobo ezintathu zokulimala: impembelelo enezakhiwo ezicaba okanye ezigobileyo;impembelelo kunye nevili lokuqhuba okanye umda wesihlalo;kunye nempembelelo kunye nekholamu yokulawula.
Uphuhliso lweemfuno aluzalwanga ngentelekelelo yomyili olula, kodwa luphuma ngokuthe ngqo kuhlalutyo lwenani elikhulu leengozi (isampulu engaphezulu kwe-130) ezenzeke eKarting kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunye nohlalutyo lwengozi. idatha evela kwamanye amacandelo ezemidlalo, eye yalawula izixhobo ezifanayo.Ngaloo ndlela, iindawo eziphambili zokukhusela isixhobo sokukhusela zichazwe, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imiphumo yokuba iingozi eziye zabandakanya abaqhubi kwaye emva kokufumanisa ukuba ezininzi zokulimala kakhulu zibangelwa ukwenzakala kwesifuba, ngokufuthi kufunyenwe ukopha.Iindawo ezikhuselayo zimbini (ukhuseleko lwesifuba kunye nokukhusela iimbambo) kwaye zibonakaliswe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi:
Nje ukuba imveliso yenziwe, ngokwesiseko seenkcukacha ezimiselwe yi-FIA, ukhuseleko lomzimba oluya kufakwa kwi-homologated luya kuvavanywa yindlu yovavanyo evunywe yi-FIA.Ingxelo yovavanyo iya kungeniswa kwi-ASN yelizwe lomenzi, eya kuthi ifake isicelo kwi-FIA ye-homologation.Kwimeko yokhuseleko lomzimba weKarting, ilabhoratri esetyenziselwa iimvavanyo yeyona NEWTON yaseTaliyane, eseRho kwiphondo laseMilan, iminyaka engamashumi amabini isalathiso samazwe ngamazwe sovavanyo lweehelmethi (izithuthuthu; iimoto; ibhayisekile, njl.njl.) , izihlalo kunye nasiphi na esinye isixhobo sokuzikhusela onokucinga ngaso kwimidlalo nangaphaya.
“Sisebenza sicinga ‘ngemimandla’ eyahlukeneyo yomzimba womntu.Nokuba lukhuselo lokubona / lwamehlo, lokakayi okanye lwalo naliphi na elinye ilungu lomzimba, ngovavanyo lwethu siyakwazi ukuvelisa uninzi lwamandla anokuthi asebenze kuwo ngenxa yempembelelo eyenzeka kwiimeko zokwenyani. sebenzisa - uNjineli uLuca Cenesese, uMlawuli weNewton, uchaza - konke ngokuhambelana nemigaqo esekwe yi-FIA, esithumela uluhlu lweemfuno.Okwethu akusiyo indima yoyilo, kodwa uvavanyo lwemveliso eyenziwa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo ngesiseko sezikhokelo ze-Federation, apho sakhethwa khona ukuba siqhube iimvavanyo zesatifikethi se-Formula 1 kunye ne-WRC helmets, yabantwana. izigcina-ntloko zokhuphiswano lwekart (i-CMR), izixhobo zohlobo lwe-HANS® kunye no-2009 kuvavanyo lwesatifikethi sezihlalo eziphezulu zokusebenza kwiWorld Rally Championship (WRC).UKhuseleko loMzimba omtsha weKarting yinxalenye yale ngcinga yokhuseleko, ethe iFIA yamkelwe iminyaka.
Ukuncokola no-Eng.UCenese kunye nabalingane bakhe kwindawo yovavanyo apho siye sajonga ngokusondeleyo (ifoto) koomatshini ekwenziwa ngabo uvavanyo lwempembelelo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-FORCE TRANSMISSION TEST.Sifumanisa indlela ingozi kaFelipe Massa kwiFomula 1 (i-Hungarian GP 2009 iqhuba: uMongameli weCIK FIA, ngelo xesha umqhubi weFerrari, ubethelwa ngokupheleleyo kwisigqoko somthombo apho imoto eyayiphambi kwakhe yalahleka ngenxa yokuphuka) ;Isiganeko saphawula uhlobo oluthile lwamanzi kumsebenzi wabo ngokunjalo.Iingozi, enyanisweni, zinokuthi zenzeke ngendlela enokuthi yenzeke ephepheni kuye nabani na oyila isigcina-ntloko, isikhuselo esingasemva okanye nasiphi na esinye isixhobo.Ukususela ngoko, umzekelo, ii-helmets zitshintshiwe, kuqala ngokuyinxenye kwaye emva koko, kunye ne-homologation elandelayo, ukwazisa iimvavanyo ezivelisa kwakhona iimeko zangempela kwimida yezinto ezingenakwenzeka (ngokoqobo: ngoku "udubula" kwii-helmets ngokusebenzisa encinci. inkanunu, into yobukhulu kunye nobunzima bomthombo 'waziwayo' owabetha umqhubi waseBrazil, ed.) Isalathiso esisisiseko soyilo sibe ziingozi, kungekuko ngaphambili ukuba zazingekho ngaphambili kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kumlinganiselo omkhulu nangaphezulu. .Saqala ukuhlalutya ingozi nganye ngendlela ecacileyo kakhulu yokudala izikhokelo zokuyila kunye nesakhiwo seemveliso (okanye izithuthi ngokwazo) ezijoliswe ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokulimala kakhulu.Kwaye nokuba ekuqaleni amanye amanyathelo akazange ahlangabezane nokuthandwa kwazo zonke iingcali, iziphumo bezisoloko ziqinisekisa ukuba le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo.
IFANELE IMALI
Ngokubhekiselele kwi-Kart Body Protectors entsha efunwa yi-FIA, abaninzi baya kuzibuza ukuba kutheni iindleko ziphezulu kakhulu kunezo sele zithengisiwe.Kufuneka kuthiwe kwelinye icala, i-bureaucracy emva kokuvunywa kwe-homologation ineendleko ezinkulu kubavelisi kwaye, kwelinye icala, ukuba ukwanelisa imigaqo emiselwe yi-homologation ibandakanya uphando kunye nophuhliso kwizinto kunye nokwakhiwa (nganye ye "Izikhuseli zeembambo" ezintsha ziqulathe iindawo ezi-4 ezahlukeneyo ngokweenkcukacha) eziqale ekuqaleni, njengoko iFIA ifuna yinto entsha ngokupheleleyo kwindawo yemidlalo yethu.Iindleko ezinokuthi ziqondwe ngcono xa siqaphela ukuba inkqubo ye-homologation, njengoko ivela kwinto esiyiphononongileyo, iyafana nesixhobo sokukhusela esifana nesigcina-ntloko - kungoko iindleko 'ezibalulekileyo' zisemthethweni ngokwenene.
“SISEBENZA SICINGA ‘NGEZITHILI’ EZAHLUKENEYO ZOMZIMBA WAMNTU.ENOBA LUKHUSELEKO LOKUBONA/AMEHLO, LOKHAKHA OKANYE NALO NA YILUPHI ICANDELO LOMZIMBA, NGOVAVANYO LWETHU SIYAKWAZI UKUZE SIPHINDE UKWENZA KWABAKHONA UBUCHULE BEMIBUTHO ENGASEKHO KUZO NGENXA YEMIPHUMELA EYENZEKA KWIIMEKO ZOKWENENE. SEBENZISA.”
UVAVANYO
UKhuseleko loMzimba weKarting luphantsi kolawulo lomda, emva koko uvavanyo lwangempela luqala ngomatshini "wovavanyo lweForce Transmission", olufana novavanyo lwenziwa kwezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifana nesithuthuthu kunye nezigcina-ntloko zemoto, umkhuseli ongasemva wesithuthuthu okanye ezo zisetyenziswe kwi-motocross.I-trolley (ubunzima obuwayo) eyenziwe ngumhlaseli (i-emispherycal streaker) iwiswe "kwi-rib protector" ukusuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ukuvelisa ngokuthe ngqo amaxabiso amabini amandla afunwa yimimiselo ye-FIA: i-60 Joule kwindawo ephakathi (isifuba) kunye ne-100 Joule kwicala nangasemva (ubambo).Uvavanyo lwe-anvil (10 x 10 cm ububanzi) luhlala inzwa (iseli yomthwalo) eya kulinganisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla.Ukulinganisa ubukho be "sifuba somntu" ibhloko ye-polypropylene eyi-25mm (eneempawu ezaziwa kwaye zikhethwe yi-FIA) zisetyenziswa.Emva kokuba impembelelo yenzekile, ukuba amandla aphezulu aphezulu arekhodiweyo nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lempembelelo ayiyi kudlula i-1 kN, uvavanyo luphumelele."Izikhuseli zeembambo" ezisetyenziselwa iimvavanyo kufuneka zinikezelwe kwibhubhoratri ngobukhulu obubini: incinci kunye neyona inkulu kwaye kufuneka ibe neendawo zempembelelo ezi-5 - njengoko zisekwe yi-FIA - kodwa zinokongezwa ngokubona kwe-FIA. i-laboratory eyenza iimvavanyo, ukuba bakholelwa ukuba kwezinye iindawo ezithile imveliso inokubonisa imiba ebalulekileyo efana neendawo ezikufutshane ne-rivets, ukungena komoya okanye ukunciphisa icandelo elilula (i-rivets, iibholiti, i-buckles, i-adjusterers okanye izivulo ezincinci ze-aeration).
Emva kovavanyo, ilabhoratri ilungiselela iingxelo ezithunyelwa ngumvelisi kwiiFederations eziya kuthi emva koko zikhuphe iilebhile ze-homologation kunye neehologram zeFIA ukuba zincanyathiselwe kwiimveliso eziya kuthi kamva zifakwe kwintengiso.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho abavelisi abathathu abaye bagqiba iimvavanyo ezifunekayo zokwamkelwa kwe-FIA, kodwa inani lilindeleke ukuba liphakame njengoko umthetho osebenzayo kulo nyaka ufuna ukusetyenziswa kokhuseleko lwe-homogated - kunye nemibutho yesizwe inokulandela lo mgca kwixesha elizayo.Ngenxa yokuba zonke ezo zixhobo zokukhusela ezihambelana nemilinganiselo ebekwe yi-FIA zinokuvunyelwa kolu hlobo lovavanyo, inkampani nganye inokuvavanya ngokwayo, nokuba oku kuhluke kwingcamango kunye noyilo.Kungokuchanekileyo malunga noyilo lwemveliso kunye nokungqinelana kwayo apho i-FIA inelungelo 'lokukhuphela ngaphandle' imveliso kuluhlu lwezo kukhutshwa imvume yazo.
Inqaku lenziwe ngentsebenziswano neImagazini yeVroom Karting.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-19-2021